Human Growth and Development Notes Q & A

Here are actual questions for human growth and development notes q&a from study.com

Question 9:

A change in perception, learning, and problem solving reflects which type of development?

• Physical
• Psychosocial
• Biological
• Cognitive

Question 10: Daniel Levinson’s development theory focuses on which of the following groups?

• Infants
• Adults
• Children
• Teenagers

Question 66: Which of the following is the symptom most closely associated with hemophilia?

• Jerky movements
• Loss of memory
• Loss of reflexes
• Deficiency in the body’s ability to clot blood

Question 67: An infant screams and flails on the floor when his mother drops him off at daycare. However, when his mother returns he ignores her. The child is exhibiting which type of attachment?

• Strong
• Disorganized
• Secure
• Avoidant
• Resistant

Question 11: A researcher is looking at the impact of a new curriculum on the retention of female students in a college introductory biology course. Which of the following would represent the dependent variable in the study?

• The number of female students who drop the class
• The new curriculum
• The grades of all female students in the class

Question 12: Adam has difficulty responding with empathy, speaks in a flat-robotic tone, and is obsessed with a certain stuffed toy. These behaviors are most likely due to?

• Communication disorders
• Autism
• ADHD
• Depression
• Tic disorders

Question 80: Which type of cell division produces the sex cells and reduces the original number of chromosomes by half?

• Mitosis
• Fission
• Degradation
• Meiosis

Question 96: Which of the following individuals proposed that children are active learners who construct knowledge from their environments, that children learn through assimilation and accommodation, and that complex cognitive development occurs through equilibration?

• Lawrence Kohlberg
• Jean Piaget
• Lev Vygotsky
• Sigmund Freud
• Christian von Ehrenfels

Question 97: A person who has a biological parent with antisocial behavior:

• Does not have a higher risk of developing antisocial behavior than anyone else
• Has a higher risk of developing antisocial behavior than a person who does not have any family history of it
• Will not develop antisocial behavior if she was adopted by parents without antisocial behavior at a young age
• Will also develop schizophrenia later in life

Question 13: Based on the order of the development of the senses, a newborn would MOST likely:

• See a dog clearly before smelling a dog
• See a dog clearly before hearing it bark
• Hear a dog bark before actually seeing the dog clearly
• Smell a dog before seeing the dog
• Not be able to hear or see a dog before three weeks of age

Question 14: Which of the following is a defining characteristic of Piaget’s preoperational stage?

• Inquisitiveness and mental representation for objects
• None of the choices are correct
• Reversibility and logic
• Conservation and decentration

Question 83: A group of children is playing with building blocks and molding dough. This is an example of:

• Motor play
• Constructive play
• Social play
• Games with rules
• Pretend play

Question 84: Sternberg’s triarchic theory and Gardner’s theory of multiple intelligences promote the idea that:

• Intelligence declines in adulthood.
• Intelligence is a measure of knowledge that is built up over time.
• There is only one universal type of intelligence that can be measured.
• Intelligence consists of several specific abilities.

Question 85: Which of the following theorists is responsible for creating the triarchic theory of intelligence?

• Albert Bandura (Although the correct theorist is Robert Sternberg, this answer is not visible in the provided options)

Question 21: FILL IN THE BLANKS: ____ occurs when you learn to associate two different stimuli, while ____ refers to changes in behavior as a result of experiences that occur after a response.

• None of the options are correct
• Active proximity seeking; goal corrected partnership
• Classical conditioning; operant conditioning
• Goal corrected partnership; active proximity seeking

Question 22: Which of the following terms refers to variables that can take on any value within the range of the measurement?

• Categorical measurement
• Continuous measurement
• Descriptive statistics
• Punishment
• Reinforcement

Question 23: In gym class, students are lined up by height. Adam notices a lot of differences in the heights of his classmates. The variation is an example of:

• Recessive
• Polygenic

Question 15: Which of the following happens during the sixth month of prenatal brain development? human growth and development notes q&a

• The fetus can begin to experience sound, tastes, and smells.
• The neural tube and cerebral cortex begin to form.
• The brain increases in size and begins to form folds.
• The visual cortex and auditory cortex are developed.
• The cerebral cortex splits into two separate hemispheres.

Question 16: A person has intrusive ideas she cannot stop thinking about, which causes anxiety, and she develops behaviors that are used to cope with that anxiety. What is this person likely suffering from?

• Social anxiety
• Obsessive-compulsive disorder
• Generalized anxiety disorder
• Triskaidekaphobia
• Paruresis

Question 17: Which theory suggests that parents who are at the extreme high or low end of a trait will have children who are actually closer to the average for that particular trait?

• Regression towards the mean
• Inherited genetics
• Heritability
• Recession
• Cognitive development

Question 18: Amy has a new puzzle. Which of the following scenarios illustrates Amy operating in the zone of proximal development?

• Amy and her twin sister complete the puzzle.
• Amy attempts to solve the puzzle but gets nowhere until her father helps her.

Question 38: Hemophilia is far more common among males than females because:

• It is a sex-linked gene disorder.
• It is a polygenic gene disorder.
• It is a co-dominant gene disorder.
• It associated with an incomplete gene.
• It associated with a dominant gene.

Question 39: Which of the following statements is best supported by the findings of the Bobo doll experiment?

• A child will only model behavior if his parents or caregivers tell him it is correct.
• A baby who did not receive proper parental care will likely experience feelings of fear and distrust as an adult.
• A child who watches violent television is likely to act out similar violence while playing.
• A child needs secure attachment from birth in order to grow up into a healthy, happy adult.
• A child who doesn’t watch violent television will likely still act out violently because violence is an innate characteristic.

Question 51: What is an involuntary action such as sneezing also known as?

• A condition
• A reflex
• A trigger
• A stimulus

Question 52: Which of the following terms refers to the process by which genes are passed down from parents to their offspring?

• Genetic inheritance
• Macrosystem
• Polygenic inheritance
• Sex-linked inheritance
• Mesosystem

Question 53: A three-year-old who understands that she is a female and doesn’t realize this is a constant trait is in which stage of Kohlberg’s cognitive development theory? human growth and development notes q&a

• Gender stability
• Gender understanding
• Gender

Question 63: Which parenting style is high in the control dimension and low in the warmth and support dimension?

• Indulgent
• Authoritarian
• Authoritative
• Neglecting
• Carefree

Question 64: Which of the following statements about pregnancy and childbirth is true?

• There are three stages of active labor: dilation, descent and birth, and delivery of the placenta.
• Pre-linguistic language development begins in the womb.
• Drug, alcohol, and tobacco use during pregnancy are not hazardous to an unborn baby.
• Stress hormones in the mother can result in rushed blood flow to the fetus, which provides the baby with more nutrients than it can absorb.

Question 93: A sensitive and responsive parenting style is most closely associated with which type of attachment?

• Disorganized-disoriented
• Disinhibited
• Avoidant
• Secure

Question 94: Which word/sound would most likely be able to be produced by a young infant?

• Hug
• Beep
• Paci
• Ba

Question 79: Which of the following statements is not true?

• Five different tests that can measure infant intelligence are the Gesell developmental schedules, the Fagan test, the Bayley scale of infant development, the Mullen scales of early learning, and the Catell infant intelligence scale.
• Steps that parents or caregivers can take in order to foster healthy self-esteem in children include showing attention and care, fostering safety and independence, praising abilities, and encouraging communication.
• The Bayley scale of infant development is used to discover any neurological impairments that may exist, while the Mullen scales of early learning are used for the early identification of children who may have intellectual deficits.
• Infants are born with certain temperaments that influence them to be easy or flexible, active or feisty, or slow to warm or cautious. Both environment and parenting style can also nudge a child’s temperament in a certain direction.
• Both genetics and the environment interact with one another and influence IQ. However, it is less clear how much influence each has.

Question 80: Which type of cell division produces the sex cells and reduces the original number of chromosomes by half?

• Meiosis
• Mitosis
• Degradation
• Fission

Question 23: In gym class, students are lined up by height. Adam notices a lot of differences in the heights of his classmates. The variation is an example of:

• Recessive alleles
• Sex-linked inheritance
• Polygenic inheritance
• Dominant alleles

Question 24: What are the two types of mental disabilities?

• Anxiety and substance-related
• Creative and intellectual
• Emotional and behavioral
• Cognitive and psychological
• Gifted and social

Question 26: Jeff is approaching retirement and constantly asks himself “Have I left my mark?” Which of Erikson’s psychosocial stages is Jeff in?

• Intimacy vs. isolation
• Identity vs. role confusion
• Generativity vs. stagnation
• Autonomy vs. shame and doubt
• Industry vs. inferiority

Question 27: Which of the following describes an important difference between IQ and creativity?

• IQ is a result from a case study designed to assess agility; creativity involves procedural thinking and tactile ways of problem-solving.
• IQ is a score from a standardized test designed to assess intelligence; creativity involves original thinking and unique ways of problem solving.
• IQ is an objective from a standardized test designed to improve thinking; creativity involves procedural knowledge and repeated calculations.
• IQ is an outcome from a workshop designed to foster creativity; creativity involves analytical thinking and memorization.

Question 28: Which theory states that children learn about gender roles and cultural expectations from their surroundings, and that parents, teachers, the media, and culture are the main sources within a child’s surroundings that shape his or her perspectives on gender? human growth and development notes q&a

• Kohlberg’s cognitive developmental
• Psychoanalytic

Question 20: Which of the following is true of Generalized Anxiety Disorder?

• It can cause physical symptoms such as headache, insomnia, and fatigue.
• None of the answer choices are correct.
• It is characterized by uncontrollable, excessive worry.
• All answer choices are correct.
• It has several possible causes, including genetic predisposition, environmental factors, or addictions to alcohol or sedatives.

Question 71: A researcher that observes and analyzes the social patterns of the same group of students from kindergarten to 8th grade would be conducting this type of study:

• Cross-sectional Study
• Cohort Study
• Case Study
• Longitudinal Study
• Normative Study

Question 72: A surgeon would likely be categorized as having a high level of which type of intelligence, according to Gardner’s theory of multiple intelligences?

• Intrapersonal
• Interpersonal
• Spatial
• Bodily-kinesthetic

Question 73: An X-linked recessive trait, such as red-green color blindness, is more likely to occur in:

• Males
• Females

Question 68: The primary developmental task in adolescence is identity. Many teens go through several stages of identity development in their adolescent years. Ideally, the culmination of searching for their identity will result in:

• Identity achievement
• Identity diffusion
• Identity foreclosure
• Identity moratorium

Question 90: Which of the following theorists was concerned with moral judgment and decision making as a contributing factor to development, eventually developing three levels of morality?

• Lawrence Kohlberg
• Jean Piaget
• Sigmund Freud
• B. F. Skinner
• Eric Erikson

human growth and development notes q&a

Question 92: Which of the following statements is not true?

• Teaching students with ADHD has been proven to be successful by using a three-pronged strategy. The first strategy is academic instruction, the second strategy is to select classroom accommodations that will meet the student’s needs, and the third strategy to use the behavioral interventions as outlined in the student’s Individual Educational Plan.
• Marriage is typically the first significant life transition for adults. The next life event, parenthood, comes with joy and fulfillment, but also stressors and added responsibilities, which may decrease marital satisfaction.
• Authoritative parents are high on control and rules, but also high in warmth and support, while indulgent parents are low in the control dimension, but high in the warmth and support dimension.
• The characteristics of ADHD vary from child to child, but the three most consistent characteristics are inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity.
• The extended family system is slowly being replaced by the nuclear family. (This statement is not universally true as family structures vary significantly across different cultures and regions.)

Question 49: When a child is learning to control the sounds he can produce and to string these sounds together in vocal play (instead of sounding out proper words), what stage of language development is he in?

• Pre-linguistic language development
• Receptive language
• Linguistic language development
• Egotistical speech

Question 50: In general, males reach sexual maturity:

• Two years after females
• At birth
• Two years before females
• At the same age as females

Question 61: Erikson characterizes development as a series of ___.

• Psychosexual stages
• Psychomoral stages
• Sociophallic stages
• Psychosocial stages

Question 62: FILL IN THE BLANKS: The lowest level of strength necessary for sensory detection is called the ___, while the ___ is the smallest amount of change necessary to determine a stimulus has become stronger.

• Absolute threshold; difference threshold
• Encoding; storing
• Presbycusis; presbyopia
• Sensory deprivation; sensory threshold

Question 56: Due to a lack of visual accommodation, a newborn is more likely to:

• See all toys in the same way
• See a black and white zebra toy clearly
• See a brown bunny toy clearly
• Reach for the brown bunny

Question 57: Sally and Nick never say no to their children. They allow them to eat ice cream for dinner, do not have a set curfew, and provide their children with lots of warmth and support. This is an example of which parenting style?

• Authoritative
• Indulgent
• Carefree
• Neglecting

Question 58: The sentences ‘the boy hit the girl’ and ‘the boy was hit by the girl’ have different meanings. We understand the different meanings due to ___.

• Syntax (The concept referred to here is syntactic rules, which determine the meaning based on word order and structure in a sentence.)

Question 53: A three-year-old who understands that she is a female and doesn’t realize this is a constant trait is in which stage of Kohlberg’s cognitive development theory?

• Gender stability
• Gender understanding
• Basic gender identity
• Gender inconsistency

Question 54: Primary and secondary sex characteristics are associated with which stage of development?

• Late adulthood
• Middle adulthood
• Neonatal period
• Adolescence

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